The Axemaker’s Gift

Technology’s Capture and Control of Our Minds and Culture

By James Burke and Robert Ornstein

Explore the double-edged history of human culture—how those with capacity for sequential analysis generated technologies to “cut and control” the world and shape their community. Read more »

Guns, Germs, and Steel

The Fates of Human Societies

By Jared Diamond

Was the Eurasian culture able to use tools to conquer and dominate the world a result of innate differences in people—or was really due to different environmental conditions like geography and climate? Read more »

1491

New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus

By Charles C. Mann

Contrary to popular myths, pre-Columbian Indians were landscaping, manipulating, and even genetically engineering their world in ways we are only beginning to understand. Read more »

1493

Uncovering the New World Columbus Created

By Charles C. Mann

How the post-Columbian network of ecological and economic exchange fostered the rise of Europe, devastated imperial China, convulsed Africa, and sowed the seeds of today’s fiercest political disputes. Read more »

Against the Grain

A Deep History of the Earliest States

James C. Scott

When early humans lived in settled communities and devoted their time to growing grains and caring for animals, were they really better off? Read more »

On Tyranny

Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century

By Timothy Snyder

The wave of discontent and division currently washing over the Western world will lead to a loss of liberty unless it is checked. Our democratic heritage does not necessarily protect us from this threat. Democracies can fall, to be replaced by gulags and men with guns. The twenty lessons presented here can help us avoid these catastrophes. Read more »

The True Believer

Thoughts on the Nature of Mass Movements

By Eric Hoffer

Today’s political movements such as “Stop the Steal,” Black Lives Matter, neo-Nazism, Occupy Wall Street, and contemporary white supremacy movements, all share something fundamental with historical mass movements such as Nazism, Communism, the French Revolution, the rise of Protestantism, and of the ancient Catholic Church. These contemporary and historical religious and political mass movements all spring from a single psychological cause: the need for the discontented to look outside the self for the cause of their frustration. Read more »

Summary of Kahneman’s “Thinking, Fast and Slow”

By Mark Looi (republished from marklooi.medium.com)

The author posits two different “systems” of thought which operate in our minds to help us navigate the various circumstances of our lives. System 1 is quick and effortless, but simple—and not necessarily accurate. Meanwhile System 2, while more suitable to complex decisions, is also much slower and more difficult. Both systems are necessary; but to use them optimally, we need to be aware of which one we’re using and whether it’s appropriate for the decision at hand. If we lack this awareness, we risk making cognitive errors and worse—we can become subject to easy manipulation. Read more »

Mr. Putin, Operative in the Kremlin

Fiona Hill and Clifford G. Gaddy

For those of us in the democratic West, the rise of authoritarianism in countries like the USA and Hungary has come as a nasty surprise, but this account of the career and rise of Vladimir Putin provides crucial insight and perspective—and a very contemporary example of the unfortunate mechanisms so well described in On Tyranny and The True Believer. Read more »

The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power

By Shoshana Zuboff

Report by John Zada

The internet has developed a new form of exploitation, like nothing we’ve seen before. The apt term Shoshanna Zuboff coins for it, “surveillance capitalism” describes a novel paradigm of free enterprise which seeks to convert all human experience into data, and create wealth by predicting, influencing and controlling human behaviour at scale. Read more »